Ir al contenido principal

## Park City Mathematics InstituteUndergraduate Summer School 2018

### Introduction to Harmonic Analysis

1. Prove by induction, for the interval case, that
$\min\{ \mathscr E_m(u): u|_{\{0,1\}}=v\} = \mathscr E_0(v) = (v(0)-v(1))^2,$
with the minimizer satisfying
$\displaystyle u\Big(\frac{2k+1}{2^m}\Big) = \frac{1}{2}\Big(u\Big(\frac{k}{2^{m-1}}\Big) + u\Big(\frac{k+1}{2^{m-1}}\Big)\Big).$

2. The minimum of
$f(x,y,z) = (a-x)^2 + (x-y)^2 + (y-a)^2 + (x-b)^2 + (b-z)^2 + (z-x)^2 + (y-z)^2 + (z-c)^2 + (c-y)^2$
is attained at
$\displaystyle x^* = \frac{2a+2b+c}{5},\; y^* = \frac{2a+b+2c}{5},\; z^* = \frac{a+2b+2c}{5},$
with $f(x^*, y^*, z^*) = \dfrac{3}{5}\big((a-b)^2 + (b-c)^2 + (c-a)^2\big).$

3. Prove that one can obtain the values $u(F_2(q_1)) = x, u(F_3(q_1)) = y$ of a harmonic function in terms of the values $a,b,c$ at the points $p_2, q_1, p_3$, respectively  (as in the figure below).

4. Use the previous problem to show that, if $u$ is a harmonic function with boundary values $u(p_1) = u(p_2) = 0$ and $u(p_3) = 1$, then its restriction to the bottom side of the Sierpinski triangle is increasing.

5. If $u$ is harmonic, then it is uniformly continuous (use the fact $|u(x) - u(y)| \le c \Big(\dfrac{3}{5}\Big)^m$ if $x\sim y$ in $V_m$.)